ECB selects 36 providers for digital euro pilot
The European Central Bank has selected 36 payment service providers for a planned digital euro pilot. The 12-month test is scheduled to begin in the second half of 2027 and will cover online and offline payments. Its beta currency will not be legal tender, and participation does not imply a decision to issue a digital euro.
Preparing the pilot
The selected payment service providers will prepare limited components that can connect a possible digital euro to everyday payment journeys. That includes the work around an online checkout and offline transfers between nearby devices, along with the provider-side processes needed to start, confirm and record a transaction. Preparation begins well before the testing window so that interfaces, operational responsibilities and support paths can be examined together. Participation in the pilot does not amount to a general public rollout, and it does not settle the final design of a digital euro.
Over the 12-month period, participants will observe complete payment flows. Online use can reveal how a digital euro service fits beside existing payment choices, while offline use can test what happens when a device cannot immediately reach a network. Providers will also need to understand how status information moves between a user, a merchant and an intermediary when a payment is accepted, delayed or interrupted. The observations will inform later decisions about the service.
Privacy and payment failures
The pilot will test privacy, resilience and accessibility during payments. A useful test must show what information is needed to complete a transaction, how the service behaves after a lost connection and how a person can recover when a device changes or a step fails. It must also make the flow understandable for people using assistive technology or relying on an offline option. The pilot can expose these tensions without treating any early technical approach as the final answer.
The operational work extends beyond the payment screen. Participating providers need clear ways to reconcile records, explain a pending status, handle a disputed transaction and route a user to support. Merchants need confirmation that they can interpret without guessing, and providers need controls that can respond to fraud while preserving the agreed privacy boundaries. Tests should cover these handoffs as well as the transaction itself.
Decisions still required
The pilot does not mean that a digital euro has been issued. The beta will not be legal tender, and the selected providers are testing possible functions rather than distributing a finished public product. Any move toward issuance would still depend on the necessary legislation and a separate decision by the ECB Governing Council. Findings from the second-half 2027 pilot can inform that later work, including which approaches operate reliably and which need to be changed. No public launch or adoption date follows from the pilot schedule.
